Plan d’experimentation

Introduction

Mali's economy is based on agriculture, which contributes 40% to GDP and provides about 30% of export earnings. For rice, it helps in itself to about 5% of the country's GDP.

Planned production in 2018 is 3,969,564 tons of rice under the CARD against an annual domestic production currently hovering around 1,668,564 tons.

To achieve these objectives, sustainable intensification actions should be conducted in all rice production systems, including upland rice, the most practiced system in the region of Koulikoro, to know:

  • Reasoned expansion of cultivated areas;
  • The use of more productive varieties such as NERICA;
  • Improved farming practices at the farm level;
  • Optimal use of organic and mineral fertilization.

According to the 2014-2015 annual report of the DRA, Nerica Rice accounts for 27% of the Region's rice acreage. However, average yields are generally low between 0.9 and 1.5 tons / ha for a potential yields of 4 tons / ha. This low NERICA rice productivity is mainly because of the misuse of fertilizer recommended doses, but also to poor farming practices (non-compliance with the technical package). Many farmers continue to sow the Nerica rice by broadcasting; making very tedious weeding operations and impossible mechanical weeding.

Upland rice is much more sensitive to the distribution of rainfall than the total amount of rainfall during the season. The sunshine and temperature are important for proper growth and good yield of upland rice. The land preparation and seeding method are therefore very important to ensure a good production of upland rice.

Thus in the present study, "Effect of two levels of nitrogen and planting method on Nerica 4 in Upland conditions of Tsukuba", drilling, spot planting and broadcasting sowing will be compared to help producers choose the best method for seeding.

Goals

The main objective of this study is contributing to the increase in domestic rice production, through:

  • To improve rice production through the use of nitrogen mineral fertilizers;
  • Determine the best method of planting NERICA 4.

Materials and methods

The experiment will be take place in experiment field of Tsukuba International Center JICA.

Treatments:

It is a complex factorial trial with two factors studied:

  • The Method of planting has three levels of variation: S1: drilling (60cm between rows) S2: spot planting (25cm x 25cm) and S3: broadcast sowing;
  • The Dose of Nitrogen fertilizer with two level variation: N60 (60kg of N); N100 (100kg of N);

Treatments will consist of a factorial combination between the levels of the factors studied, and three (3) repetition. Thus, we have eighteen (18) treatments.

Layout of the plot

The adopted experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design the 3 repetitions with the following dimensions:

- The block has a length of 7 m and a width of 11,8 m, an area of 82,6 m²;

- Elementary plots 3,6 m long and 3 m wide is 10,8 m²

- The total area of the test plot is 247,8 m²

  

0,5m

3m

1m

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

S1N50

  

S1N100

  

S1N50

  

S1N100

  

S1N50

  

S1N100

  

 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

 

S2N50

  

S2N50

  

S2N50

  

S2N50

  

S2N50

  

S2N50

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

S3N50

  

S2N50

  

S3N50

  

S2N50

  

S3N50

  

S2N50

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

21m

  

  

  

  

  


 

Variety

Nerica 4 is the selected variety for
this experiment; because it
is
the most
grown upland rice in
Koulikoro. The characteristic of this variety

Name

Height

Maturity duration

yields

1,000grains wt (g)

WAB 450-IB-P91-HB or Dususuma malo

Short

Short

4t / ha

23,5

Weed control

Go-Go-San herbicide will be apply 5 DAS at the rate of 8,3 liters per ha to control weed. While manual weeding will also be used of Japanese hoe in inter row spacing and hand puling of weeds from the rows.

Investigation items and timing

Investigation items

Times for Investigation

  1. Plant length (cm)
  2. Tiller number
  3. SPAD
  4. Dry weight (g)
  5. Leaf Area Index
  6. Leaf number
  7. Yield and yield components
    1. No of Spikelets/panicle;
    2. No of Panicles/m2;
    3. % of ripened grains (%);
    4. 1000 grains weight (g)
  1. Germination rate (2 weeks after sowing);
  2. One month after sowing;
  3. Maximum tillering stage
  4. Panicle formation stage
  5. Heading stage
  6. Maturity stage

Hypothesis

Mineral fertilizer 60kg of Nitrogen N60 has positive impact on growth, development and yield of Nerica 4. And drilling (60 cm between rows) S1 provides the best performance Nerica 4.

References

  1. Rapport Bilan Annuel 2014 -2015, Direction Regional de l'Agriculture (DRA) de Koulikoro, P,91, 2015;
  2. Adaptability of Nerica 1 and Nerica 4 under low Nitrogen Levels in Tsukuba, SANON Abdramane, p 12, 2014

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